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Saturday 11 February 2012

Chequered Legacy

The hallmark of a great civilisation is its educational institutions and Chennai has several of schools, colleges and universities of repute. The emphasis on learning in Tamil Nadu can be traced back to the Vijayanagara Empire (14th to 17th century AD), known for its exceptional patronage of arts, culture and education.The city has built on this legacy; it was the first city to offer courses in engineering and law. It has produced eminent scientists, judges, statesmen, littérateurs, poets and academics, and two Nobel prize winners.

 

Sir Chandrasekhara Venkata Raman (1888 -1982), graduate in Physics from the Madras Presidency college, discovered the Raman effect on the scattering of light in 1928. His discovery was met with great world acclaim and he was also conferred a knighthood. In 1930, he won the Nobel Prize in Physics.

 

Raman’s nephew, Subramanyam Chandrasekhar (1910 -1991) did his schooling at the Hindu High School, Madras until 1925 and obtained a B.Sc. (hon) in Physics from the Presidency College in 1925. He was awarded the Nobel Prize in Physics in 1983 for his studies on the physical processes important to the structure and evolution of stars.

Education in Tamil Nadu Chennai

 

 Traditional Vedic schools continue to thrive in Chennai

Vedic studies constitute the curriculum in modern day Chennai’s many religious and Vedic educational institutions.

 

The ancient villages of Mylapore and Triplicane, now central parts of Chennai, have been homes to the best thinkers of the past millennium. Thiruvalluvar, one of the most revered poet-philosophers in Tamil literature, lived in Mylapore in the 2nd century BC. Peyalvar and Thirumangai Alwar, two of the most revered Vaishnavite saints lived here too, as did the great Shaivite saints of the 7th century, Thirugnana Sambandar and Vayila Nayanar. The Madras Sanskrit College established by SV Krishnaswamy Iyer in 1906 is one of the largest of its kind in the region. Headed by luminaries like CP Ramaswamy Iyer and Mahamahopadhyaya Chandrasekharan Sastrigal, it teaches the study of Vedanta and Mimamsa, and the courses are structured in the traditional style of education and examination. Now affiliated to the Madras University, it has fostered scores of scholars of high repute and Mahamahopadhyayas (honorary title conferred on highest Sanskrit scholar). The Kanchi Kamakoti Peetham with its centre in the nearby ancient town of Kanchipuram, supports a large number of institutions within the city. Notable among them are the Veda Rakshana Nidhi trust, the Jagadguru Veda Parayana trust and the Shankara Matham. The Ramakrishna Math, a religious monastic order set up by Swami Vivekananda to follow the teachings of Sri Ramakrishna, conducts lectures, bhajans, workshops and children’s programmes as part of its curriculum.

In contemporary times, Chennai’s city schools have a reputation for being among the best in the country in terms of their curriculum, discipline and standards of education. Many of them have an unblemished record of excellent academics for over two centuries. PS High School and Hindu High School were among the first schools in Chennai to offer education in both English and Tamil. Among the most famous and sought after schools in Chennai today, are DAV, PSBB, Bala Vidya Mandir, Sishya and Chettinad Vidyashram.

 

 

 

 

Higher Education

Chennai’s majestic Marina beach front is home to the University of Madras, among the three oldest colonial universities of India. Established in 1857 and modelled on the University of London, it has four campuses with more than 50 specialisation courses, over 8000 students, a faculty of about 300 and 43 external research institutes. With large endowments from various local and foreign institutions and excellent research facilities, Madras University now has a Five Star status from theNational Assessment and Accreditation Council of India.

 

The Presidency College, originally a preparatory high school, formed the nucleus of Madras University when it was established over a century and a half ago. In a radical move at the time, the College opened its doors to women in 1889. The College’s law courses were shifted into the Law College in 1891, and thereafter, Madras University expanded fast, to include several other prestigious academic institutions in the city. In 1869, the University shifted to the beautiful Senate House, one of the most splendid examples of Indo-Saracenic architecture in the country today. Soon after, Queen Mary’s College for Women (1914) joined the University, followed by Loyola College, which opened in its spacious Nungambakkam campus in 1925. Madras University’s alumni reads like a scholastic who’s-who. Scores of scientists, academicians, writers, politicians of repute including many state and central government ministers and Presidents have passed through its hallowed portals in the century and a half of its existence.

 

Four former presidents studied at Madras University - Sarvepalli Radhakrishnan, V V Giri, Neelam Sanjeeva Reddy and R Venkataraman. Two Nobel prize winners, Sir CV Raman and Subrahmanian Chandrashekhar graduated from here; several of India’s finance ministers, including P Chidambaram, studied here. Anna University, one of India’s largest engineering, technical and allied sciences universities, was established in Guindy in 1978. With over 2.5 lakh undergraduate students, 40000 post graduate students, over 3500 PhD scholars and an astounding turnover of 65000 engineering graduates every year, Anna University’s alumni list is equally impressive. Former president APJ Abdul Kalam studied Aeronautical Engineering here, as did AM Turing award laureate Raj Reddy, cricketer Krishnamachari Srikanth and several others.

IITs & Other Premier Institutions

The famous Indian Institute of Technology or IIT Chennai is one among 13 such premier institutions in India. Situated in a wooded 620 acre campus adjacent to the Guindy National Park, it was established in 1959. With around 4000 students and 360 faculty members, it provides world class technical education and research facilities in engineering and technologies. Its impossibly gruelling selection process is legendary and its graduates include some of the best scientists, academicians and technical geniuses in many parts of the world. IITC’s presence has contributed much to the city’s evolution as the hub of commerce and enterprise as industries have been able to access a well-qualified resource pool. The corporate sector has invested in education, and with this symbiotic process, Chennai will, doubtless, continue to be the bastion of learning and erudition.